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good morning michael i'm here with hal

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gutzelman the lead capcom

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and we're excited to join you today

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oh thank you very much we've got uh

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clark creek stem academy in acworth

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georgia so they would love to speak with

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you and ask you lots of awesome

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questions

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great we're ready

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so go ahead with your first question

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go ahead ross daris um how did the

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actual stay in touch with their families

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can you help me with that one i didn't

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hear mike i'm sorry can we have her

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repeat that

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um how did the astronauts stay in touch

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with their families while on iss

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families on i think your question was

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how do the crew stay in touch with their

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families in space

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and they have several ways to do that

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first they have email and they're able

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to send and receive email the second

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method they use is they actually have

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conferences set up on a weekly basis

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and those are

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a

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the uh

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tdrs satellites and then connects to the

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station

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so

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when we're in sight of those satellites

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and when the station is able to

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communicate through those satellites so

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we just a moment ago we had a 10-minute

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loss of signal and we lose both our

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telemetry and our ability to communicate

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with the space station for that time

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period on a typical orbit of 90 minutes

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you can expect that we will have about

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oh say 80 minutes or

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50 minutes 50 to 80 minutes of

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okay good we're still not seeing mission

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control

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i don't know if uh

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there's something on your end that you

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need to switch the screen

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okay we'll check into it what are you

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currently seeing at the moment

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uh you

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still okay

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okay well we will switch it over um so

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that you can see a live view inside

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mission control so go ahead with your

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third question okay go ahead describe

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okay well um

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like most of you uh started out in grade

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school and went to high school i studied

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a lot of math and science i was pretty

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good in those

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subjects

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after graduation from high school i went

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on to the air force academy in colorado

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springs

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from there i received a bachelor of

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science in mechanical engineering

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i went on to pilot training and flew in

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the air force for about

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20 years

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the air force institute of technology

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and got a graduate degree in space

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operations so that's my academic

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credentials plus a lot of training along

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the way in the air force and here at

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why were you awarded the bear award

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well the bear award is an award from the

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barrios corporation one of our private

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contractors that supports the space

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program down here

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and

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that was their top employee for that

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year so

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that was the award that was

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mike can we get them to repeat that last

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question i just got parts of it

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how did barriers technology get selected

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with

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selected to work

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okay i'm still having trouble

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understanding the thrust of your

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question uh i i heard the word

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technology but uh i didn't hear the rest

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of the question

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how did barrios technology get selected

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to work with nasa ah thank you very much

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um

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barrios technology like many of our

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private contractors competes

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so nasa will announce a certain amount

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of work that they want uh private

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contractors to perform

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and then barrios technology will go

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ahead and submit a proposal

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with costs and number of people

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and then

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nasa will have a review panel to look at

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all the proposals and select the best

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qualified corporation sometimes barrios

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wins these contracts sometimes they

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don't uh our maid contractor here is

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united space alliance and they as well

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as lockheed martin and a few others that

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might the iss be open to privatize

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commercial space travel if so how do you

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feel about this

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well i think it's a it's a big plus for

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america and the reason i say this is uh

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at one time nasa uh did a lot of

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aeronautics development and research

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and actual building airplanes and now we

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see that nasa in the aeronautics still

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does a lot of technology demonstrations

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and prototypes but the work of actually

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developing commercial

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airplanes or military aircraft is turned

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over to private manufacturers under

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the auspices of

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the federal government so in a similar

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vein in the space business we're seeing

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more and more of the space business

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being a solely government operation into

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being a government and private uh

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what was the situation that you recall

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that required was problem solving on the

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okay well um

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we have a lot of equipment on the space

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station and a lot of things

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break from time to time and we form

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investigation teams

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that help solve those problems

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so

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you know in our business here it's a lot

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of collaboration so it's not typically

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where one person comes up with the

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brilliant insight uh to fix something or

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to work around something but rather a

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group of individuals that work together

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as a team that know different aspects of

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the problem and they put that all

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together to come up with a solution so

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if you say the best one i think the the

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best part was i got to be on the

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execution team where we got to repair a

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torn solar array which involved a very

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dramatic eva

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and some unique hardware that was

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designed pretty much on the fly and that

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what are fun situations that have

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emergency procedures

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well that's a great question um you know

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probably in school there today you'll

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have you have fire drills right and so

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you practice going outside and getting

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away from a burning building

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and making sure everybody gets out

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safely well we do the same thing on

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space station we have a possibility of

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fire hopefully we've worked to minimize

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that we also have we work with chemicals

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and research things where it may produce

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some toxic vapors and also we have a

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problem you don't have on the ground and

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that is we live inside a pressurized can

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and if that can should spring a leak

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that module will go to vacuum so our

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three big worries are rapid

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depressurization

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how can students submit their

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well that's one of the areas i'm not as

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familiar with as probably i should but

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we do have a payloads operations center

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in huntsville alabama they reach out to

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universities and to students around the

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world to help them

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in the process of getting their payloads

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on orbit but a very good question

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because that's what the space station is

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what advice can you give me if i wanted

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to become a nasa engineer

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well the advice i would give you um and

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that's a good question because i was

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faced with that same challenge when i

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was your age what do i need to do

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um i think the most important thing is

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to do the best job you can in your

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academics today give it your best effort

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you know your teachers aren't there just

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to spoon feed you information there to

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help you in your education journey so

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it's mostly on your shoulders to study

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hard to do your homework and to find

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those areas that you really like doing

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because if you really enjoy doing

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something you're going to do a very good

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job at it so

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i think in the space business those

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areas that are most important are math

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how did you work your way up to be the

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chief engineer

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well um

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kind of continuing on that's a good

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question you know continuing on a lot of

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people look at the jobs that i've done

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and said well you know if i do those

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same things i will get to the same place

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and that's not necessarily so because we

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like a lot of different people and what

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they bring to the

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equation

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i think the key thing is to whatever job

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you're given do the best you can at it

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in my case

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i took a path through the air force and

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flying airplanes and eventually after i

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retired

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my background was very useful down here

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working with procedures and working with

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displays and aerospace machinery those

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does anything in space cause

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well yes there are certain interference

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uh problems you know we we do have a lot

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of electronic equipment on board and

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we're constantly trying to minimize and

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control what kind of uh problems that uh

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that might uh cause

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in space we have radiation and uh we

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have solar flares and we have a a

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van allen radiation belt and sometimes

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those charged particles cause problems

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for our electronics

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okay great i am going to hang up i've

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been advised to hang up and dial in so

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that we can maybe uh actually see

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mission control so i'm going to hang up

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now and dial back in

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sounds great

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we'll wait for you when you come back

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okay thank you

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oh yes

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and this is michael here at the digital

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learning network uh mr getzelman i hope

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you don't mind but i actually have a

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question for you

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yeah go ahead

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i was just wondering uh normally

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throughout the history of human space

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flight it's normally been astronauts

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that actually get um the responsibility

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of being a capcom or a capsule

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communicator

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i understand with the international

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space station your

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seven operations uh 365 days a year and

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we've been doing it since the year 2000

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so i could see how it opens up but how

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did you get the opportunity to actually

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be a capcom amongst those elite

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astronauts

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well i

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like you i saw the scheduling challenge

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that

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actually have enough astronauts to

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conduct capcom duties

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365 days a year and three shifts we now

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have scaled back to smaller shifts so i

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knew they were going to have to

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change their policy and i tried to make

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myself as qualified as possible and then

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we had a gal named ginger carrick who is

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one of our senior flight directors now

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but she had spent a lot of time training

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with the first expedition crew

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and she demonstrated that uh with the

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right training and the white background

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00:14:02,389 --> 00:13:59,839
uh you could be very effective uh as a

286
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capcom even though you weren't a uh

287
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a uh astronaut

288
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all right excellent looks like clark

289
00:14:11,110 --> 00:14:09,519
creek stem academy is back and i think

290
00:14:12,949 --> 00:14:11,120
they're able to see you so let's go

291
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ahead with your next question

292
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go ahead

293
00:14:19,269 --> 00:14:16,240
do you have security measures to protect

294
00:14:21,430 --> 00:14:19,279
secret information

295
00:14:22,949 --> 00:14:21,440
you know that that's a uh interesting

296
00:14:25,269 --> 00:14:22,959
question i know we're all concerned

297
00:14:27,189 --> 00:14:25,279
about secrets but uh in my case i don't

298
00:14:29,590 --> 00:14:27,199
deal a lot with secret information

299
00:14:32,069 --> 00:14:29,600
there's other people on console who have

300
00:14:34,310 --> 00:14:32,079
to that responsibility but i really

301
00:14:36,710 --> 00:14:34,320
don't you have to understand everything

302
00:14:39,189 --> 00:14:36,720
i say that goes on the radio is

303
00:14:40,150 --> 00:14:39,199
transmitted worldwide so it's probably

304
00:14:45,910 --> 00:14:40,160
best

305
00:14:51,829 --> 00:14:48,389
what does it take to be an effective

306
00:14:55,990 --> 00:14:53,110
well

307
00:14:58,470 --> 00:14:56,000
i think the first thing is competency

308
00:14:59,990 --> 00:14:58,480
knowing your job and being very good at

309
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it because people are going to look up

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to you as a role model so the first

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00:15:07,670 --> 00:15:05,760
thing is knowing what you want to do and

312
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then the second thing is to know the

313
00:15:12,550 --> 00:15:10,240
people that are working for you and to

314
00:15:14,310 --> 00:15:12,560
know their strengths and weaknesses and

315
00:15:16,269 --> 00:15:14,320
figure out how to use those to best

316
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advantage to your

317
00:15:22,150 --> 00:15:19,920
organization's objectives so

318
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i think that's the two aspects being

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very competent and

320
00:15:29,509 --> 00:15:26,079
knowing how to interact with other

321
00:15:35,670 --> 00:15:32,150
do you ever share jokes or humorous

322
00:15:36,870 --> 00:15:35,680
stories with the iss astronauts

323
00:15:39,509 --> 00:15:36,880
yes i do

324
00:15:41,910 --> 00:15:39,519
especially if i know them personally

325
00:15:43,910 --> 00:15:41,920
you know we do some gentle

326
00:15:46,389 --> 00:15:43,920
ribbing or ridicule

327
00:15:49,189 --> 00:15:46,399
maybe a little joke but i try to keep it

328
00:15:52,710 --> 00:15:49,199
under control because you know everybody

329
00:15:54,949 --> 00:15:52,720
else who listens in on the open space to

330
00:15:56,550 --> 00:15:54,959
groups they may not understand the jokes

331
00:15:59,910 --> 00:15:56,560
and they may not think they're quite as

332
00:16:01,749 --> 00:15:59,920
funny as i do or the crew does so i have

333
00:16:07,430 --> 00:16:01,759
to make sure that i do it in a

334
00:16:13,749 --> 00:16:09,749
what kind of software does capcom use to

335
00:16:17,910 --> 00:16:16,310
okay well we use several means obviously

336
00:16:19,509 --> 00:16:17,920
we use the voice

337
00:16:22,949 --> 00:16:19,519
through our satellite links to

338
00:16:23,990 --> 00:16:22,959
communicate we also have email

339
00:16:26,790 --> 00:16:24,000
and

340
00:16:28,629 --> 00:16:26,800
we process the email we kind of are a

341
00:16:30,870 --> 00:16:28,639
filter to make sure the crew doesn't get

342
00:16:32,389 --> 00:16:30,880
too much junk email like we all hate at

343
00:16:35,110 --> 00:16:32,399
home

344
00:16:37,269 --> 00:16:35,120
we also have video so we can watch the

345
00:16:39,829 --> 00:16:37,279
crew as they're performing their work

346
00:16:41,990 --> 00:16:39,839
and it's it's really amazing if you can

347
00:16:44,150 --> 00:16:42,000
actually see what's going on

348
00:16:45,829 --> 00:16:44,160
um how much that helps you understand

349
00:16:51,030 --> 00:16:45,839
where the crew is in their days

350
00:16:56,389 --> 00:16:54,790
you are noted to be a cheerful leader

351
00:17:01,990 --> 00:16:56,399
for iss

352
00:17:07,270 --> 00:17:04,710
i think you said cheerful leader so i

353
00:17:08,710 --> 00:17:07,280
think if you're have a smile on your

354
00:17:10,710 --> 00:17:08,720
face while you're working and you're

355
00:17:11,510 --> 00:17:10,720
happy to do that work i think that comes

356
00:17:12,870 --> 00:17:11,520
through

357
00:17:16,150 --> 00:17:12,880
on the radio

358
00:17:18,789 --> 00:17:16,160
and i'm very happy to be doing this job

359
00:17:20,549 --> 00:17:18,799
you know i think everyone wants a job

360
00:17:23,270 --> 00:17:20,559
where they feel that they make a

361
00:17:25,350 --> 00:17:23,280
difference and uh i think when i'm

362
00:17:27,189 --> 00:17:25,360
working here as a capcom i'm making a

363
00:17:30,710 --> 00:17:27,199
difference to space exploration so

364
00:17:38,070 --> 00:17:32,630
how do you make sure the astronauts have

365
00:17:43,350 --> 00:17:39,909
oh okay i think you're asking about

366
00:17:45,990 --> 00:17:43,360
supplies and as a capcom i don't really

367
00:17:47,350 --> 00:17:46,000
play a primary role in that we do have

368
00:17:50,630 --> 00:17:47,360
an inventory

369
00:17:53,270 --> 00:17:50,640
stowage officer and they have a computer

370
00:17:56,070 --> 00:17:53,280
database that keeps track of all the

371
00:17:59,510 --> 00:17:56,080
equipment and all of the

372
00:18:02,710 --> 00:17:59,520
items on board and they see how the food

373
00:18:05,990 --> 00:18:02,720
is going and and how much water we have

374
00:18:08,630 --> 00:18:06,000
stockpiled and they make sure that

375
00:18:10,230 --> 00:18:08,640
the next resupply mission that comes up

376
00:18:11,590 --> 00:18:10,240
brings more of the stuff we're getting

377
00:18:13,830 --> 00:18:11,600
low on

378
00:18:17,669 --> 00:18:13,840
but as a capcom i don't particularly

379
00:18:23,909 --> 00:18:20,549
what is your favorite academic subject

380
00:18:27,750 --> 00:18:24,710
well

381
00:18:30,789 --> 00:18:27,760
i like both math and science and i like

382
00:18:33,510 --> 00:18:30,799
math because there's always a right and

383
00:18:35,830 --> 00:18:33,520
a wrong answer and if you do your work

384
00:18:38,390 --> 00:18:35,840
hard you can find that right or wrong

385
00:18:39,909 --> 00:18:38,400
answer it's not a maybe kind of thing or

386
00:18:41,990 --> 00:18:39,919
it's how you feel

387
00:18:44,070 --> 00:18:42,000
so i like math because you you can

388
00:18:47,510 --> 00:18:44,080
finally feel like you accomplish

389
00:18:49,830 --> 00:18:47,520
something science i like that because

390
00:18:52,310 --> 00:18:49,840
it's pushing out the boundaries you

391
00:18:53,830 --> 00:18:52,320
think of the struggle of man throughout

392
00:18:56,470 --> 00:18:53,840
the centuries

393
00:18:59,029 --> 00:18:56,480
what a fortunate time we live in with

394
00:19:01,750 --> 00:18:59,039
the access to the internet and

395
00:19:04,549 --> 00:19:01,760
our textbooks and our teachers to learn

396
00:19:07,510 --> 00:19:04,559
so much more than people did say even 50

397
00:19:09,270 --> 00:19:07,520
or 100 years ago so science is very

398
00:19:12,230 --> 00:19:09,280
exciting because we're constantly

399
00:19:15,990 --> 00:19:12,240
pushing out the knowledge the frontier

400
00:19:21,350 --> 00:19:18,310
what do you recall as the most difficult

401
00:19:23,430 --> 00:19:21,360
episode while acting as the liaison

402
00:19:29,270 --> 00:19:23,440
between the mission patrol and the iss

403
00:19:32,230 --> 00:19:30,549
well i think

404
00:19:34,390 --> 00:19:32,240
you know i talked earlier about

405
00:19:37,110 --> 00:19:34,400
repairing the solar array

406
00:19:38,710 --> 00:19:37,120
that tore while it was being relocated

407
00:19:41,270 --> 00:19:38,720
and then deployed

408
00:19:43,350 --> 00:19:41,280
and without that solar array

409
00:19:44,549 --> 00:19:43,360
being if you will

410
00:19:46,549 --> 00:19:44,559
secured

411
00:19:48,950 --> 00:19:46,559
it would affect whether we could rotate

412
00:19:51,510 --> 00:19:48,960
the solar arrays or not and that would

413
00:19:54,950 --> 00:19:51,520
compromise some of our power generation

414
00:19:57,750 --> 00:19:54,960
so i think uh being able to as a team

415
00:19:59,909 --> 00:19:57,760
pull together a plan and then executing

416
00:20:02,390 --> 00:19:59,919
that plan on orbit was

417
00:20:04,710 --> 00:20:02,400
probably one of the most amazing things

418
00:20:07,830 --> 00:20:04,720
we were able to do here in the recent

419
00:20:11,350 --> 00:20:07,840
past of the space station

420
00:20:11,360 --> 00:20:17,270
might you visit the iss why or why not

421
00:20:19,669 --> 00:20:18,310
well

422
00:20:21,110 --> 00:20:19,679
unfortunately i think i'm getting a

423
00:20:22,390 --> 00:20:21,120
little too old to be picked to be an

424
00:20:25,909 --> 00:20:22,400
astronaut

425
00:20:28,950 --> 00:20:25,919
and so like you i'd like to go i think

426
00:20:31,110 --> 00:20:28,960
uh but right now i i'm thinking i have

427
00:20:34,070 --> 00:20:31,120
to win the lottery so

428
00:20:36,149 --> 00:20:34,080
um when the lottery gets up above 30

429
00:20:39,430 --> 00:20:36,159
million i buy a few tickets and hope for

430
00:20:45,830 --> 00:20:40,549
that's good

431
00:20:49,270 --> 00:20:47,190
i'm sorry can you repeat the last part

432
00:20:53,190 --> 00:20:49,280
of that question

433
00:20:55,669 --> 00:20:53,200
what do you see as the iss legacy

434
00:20:57,750 --> 00:20:55,679
well i think the legacy of iss is going

435
00:20:59,669 --> 00:20:57,760
to be one

436
00:21:01,669 --> 00:20:59,679
the difficulty of assembling it and

437
00:21:04,470 --> 00:21:01,679
building it and designing it and i think

438
00:21:07,350 --> 00:21:04,480
those lessons will be used again as we

439
00:21:08,870 --> 00:21:07,360
go further out into the solar system

440
00:21:11,350 --> 00:21:08,880
the second lesson i think is the

441
00:21:13,029 --> 00:21:11,360
research on human adaptation to

442
00:21:15,590 --> 00:21:13,039
weightlessness and the environment of

443
00:21:18,149 --> 00:21:15,600
space so that when we do go to the moon

444
00:21:20,230 --> 00:21:18,159
or mars again or even to an asteroid

445
00:21:22,390 --> 00:21:20,240
we'll have a lot of data to work with a

446
00:21:25,510 --> 00:21:22,400
lot of understanding of what happens to

447
00:21:28,470 --> 00:21:25,520
folks who are inside a small

448
00:21:30,310 --> 00:21:28,480
enclosed environment for a long time and

449
00:21:33,430 --> 00:21:30,320
then i think the third thing is going to

450
00:21:36,470 --> 00:21:33,440
be the research that we do and that

451
00:21:38,950 --> 00:21:36,480
research as it gets reapplied to

452
00:21:41,190 --> 00:21:38,960
products and and services on the ground

453
00:21:43,430 --> 00:21:41,200
so i think those are three areas i'm

454
00:21:46,950 --> 00:21:43,440
looking forward to as we move forward in

455
00:21:51,350 --> 00:21:48,470
what is the role of the huntsville

456
00:21:52,870 --> 00:21:51,360
alabama counterpart and capcom iss

457
00:21:55,270 --> 00:21:52,880
events

458
00:21:57,430 --> 00:21:55,280
yeah huntsville is our payload

459
00:21:58,549 --> 00:21:57,440
operations control center

460
00:22:01,190 --> 00:21:58,559
and

461
00:22:03,110 --> 00:22:01,200
they have a pacom as well who

462
00:22:05,750 --> 00:22:03,120
communicates with the crew

463
00:22:08,390 --> 00:22:05,760
and talks to them about the science and

464
00:22:10,390 --> 00:22:08,400
the payloads they're

465
00:22:13,909 --> 00:22:10,400
doing on orbit

466
00:22:16,149 --> 00:22:13,919
so we primarily in houston worry about

467
00:22:17,510 --> 00:22:16,159
the actual systems and hardware of the

468
00:22:19,909 --> 00:22:17,520
space station

469
00:22:22,230 --> 00:22:19,919
and provide the services to the payloads

470
00:22:24,710 --> 00:22:22,240
folks so they worry about uh the

471
00:22:26,710 --> 00:22:24,720
payloads the experiments the science and

472
00:22:28,390 --> 00:22:26,720
we worry about more about the vehicle

473
00:22:30,710 --> 00:22:28,400
and its operation

474
00:22:33,029 --> 00:22:30,720
visiting vehicles cargo ships those

475
00:22:36,149 --> 00:22:33,039
kinds of things we also have other

476
00:22:39,270 --> 00:22:36,159
control centers one in munich that works

477
00:22:42,230 --> 00:22:39,280
with the european space agency and their

478
00:22:44,310 --> 00:22:42,240
experiments and scuba japan

479
00:22:46,630 --> 00:22:44,320
their jaycom

480
00:22:48,630 --> 00:22:46,640
also works with their japanese science

481
00:22:51,270 --> 00:22:48,640
and experiments and finally we have the

482
00:22:53,909 --> 00:22:51,280
russian glovney who has a similar role

483
00:22:56,789 --> 00:22:53,919
of communicating with the space station

484
00:22:58,070 --> 00:22:56,799
about their people

485
00:23:00,230 --> 00:22:58,080
all right we have about a minute and a

486
00:23:01,430 --> 00:23:00,240
half so one final question from clark

487
00:23:04,149 --> 00:23:01,440
creek

488
00:23:05,350 --> 00:23:04,159
are we dependent upon the russians to

489
00:23:08,390 --> 00:23:05,360
deliver

490
00:23:11,029 --> 00:23:08,400
astronauts to the iss if so is this a

491
00:23:15,510 --> 00:23:12,789
at the current time our only way of

492
00:23:17,750 --> 00:23:15,520
getting astronauts on board is using the

493
00:23:20,230 --> 00:23:17,760
russian soyuz vehicle

494
00:23:22,549 --> 00:23:20,240
we are continuing to develop

495
00:23:26,310 --> 00:23:22,559
u.s both

496
00:23:28,149 --> 00:23:26,320
private companies and nasa government

497
00:23:31,029 --> 00:23:28,159
vehicles that will be able to reach the

498
00:23:34,230 --> 00:23:31,039
space station until those vehicles are

499
00:23:37,350 --> 00:23:34,240
operational we will rely on them

500
00:23:40,230 --> 00:23:37,360
now this is a partnership and so we have

501
00:23:42,310 --> 00:23:40,240
the luxury of relying on the russians

502
00:23:44,230 --> 00:23:42,320
for their transportation but i think

503
00:23:46,789 --> 00:23:44,240
everybody here at nasa would like

504
00:23:49,269 --> 00:23:46,799
eventually to have our own vehicle and

505
00:23:50,789 --> 00:23:49,279
also to open that business up to the

506
00:23:53,590 --> 00:23:50,799
private sector

507
00:23:55,269 --> 00:23:53,600
and we should mention um what hal was

508
00:23:56,870 --> 00:23:55,279
referring to was

509
00:23:59,029 --> 00:23:56,880
the spacecraft that can transport the

510
00:24:01,669 --> 00:23:59,039
crews but we do have other vehicles

511
00:24:03,990 --> 00:24:01,679
including the newly designed dragon that

512
00:24:06,310 --> 00:24:04,000
can bring up cargo so we don't have to

513
00:24:08,630 --> 00:24:06,320
rely on the russians for other supplies

514
00:24:10,630 --> 00:24:08,640
there's other vehicles including the atv

515
00:24:12,630 --> 00:24:10,640
and in the dragon spacecraft that's

516
00:24:14,710 --> 00:24:12,640
going to launch on march 1st so there

517
00:24:16,470 --> 00:24:14,720
are other vehicles as well

518
00:24:19,750 --> 00:24:16,480
thanks again mike for setting this up we

519
00:24:22,149 --> 00:24:19,760
really enjoyed talking to the students

520
00:24:23,590 --> 00:24:22,159
thank you so much